Abbreviations commonly used in Biochemistry

A adenine

ACP acyl carrier protein

ADP adenosine diphosphate

Ala alanine

AMP adenosine monophosphate

cAMP cyclic AMP

Arg arginine

Asn asparagine

Asp aspartate

ATP adenosine triphosphate

ATPase adenosine triphosphatase

C cytosine

CDP cytidine diphosphate

CMP cytidine monophosphate

CoA coenzyme A

CoQ coenzyme Q (ubiquinone)

CTP cytidine triphosphate

cAMP adenosine 3 ,5 -cyclic monophosphate

cGMP guanosine 3 ,5 -cyclic monophosphate

Cys cysteine

Cyt cytochrome

d 2 -deoxyribo-

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

cDNA complementary DNA

DNAse deoxyribonuclease

EcoRI EcoRI restriction endonuclease

EF elongation factor

FAD flavin adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form)

FADH2 flavin adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)

fMet formylmethionine

FMN flavin mononucleotide (oxidized form)

FMNH2 flavin mononucleotide (reduced form)

G guanine

GDP guanosine diphosphate

Gln glutamine

Glu glutamate

Gly glycine

GMP guanosine monophosphate

cGMP cyclic GMP

GSH reduced glutathione

GSSG oxidized glutathione

GTP guanosine triphosphate

GTPase guanosine triphosphatase

Hb hemoglobin

HDL high-density lipoprotein

HGPRT hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase

His histidine

Hyp hydroxyproline

IgG immunoglobulin G

Ile isoleucine

IP3 inositol 1,4,5,-trisphosphate

ITP inosine triphosphate

LDL low-density lipoprotein

Leu leucine

Lys lysine

Met methionine

NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form)

NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)

NADP+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (oxidized form)

NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)

PFK phosphofructokinase

Phe phenylalanine

Pi inorganic orthophosphate

PLP pyridoxal phosphate

PPi inorganic pyrophosphate

Pro proline

PRPP 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate

Q ubiquinone (or plastoquinone)

QH2 ubiquinol (or plastoquinol)

RNA ribonucleic acid

mRNA messenger RNA

rRNA ribosomal RNA

scRNA small cytoplasmic RNA

snRNA small nuclear RNA

tRNA transfer RNA

RNAse ribonuclease

Ser serine

T thymine

Thr threonine

TPP thiamine pyrophosphate

Trp tryptophan

TTP thymidine triphosphate

Tyr tyrosine

U uracil

UDP uridine diphosphate

UDP-galactose uridine diphosphate galactose

UDP-glucose uridine diphosphate glucose

UMP uridine monophosphate

UTP uridine triphosphate

Val valine

VLDL very low density lipoprotein