Communicable disease is an illness caused due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products capable of being directly or indirectly transmitted from man to man, animal to animal or from environment to man or animal. These diseases are grouped as water-borne, air borne, vector borne, fomite – borne diseases etc. The mode of transmission may be through oro- faecal route, parasites, air, vectors, animals and by direct contact
Infection : The entry and development or multiplication of an infectious agent in the body of man or animals.
Contamination : The presence of infections agent on a body surface, also on or in clothes, beddings, toys, surgical instruments or dressings or other inanimate articles or substances including water, milk and food.
Infestation : For persons or animals the lodgment, development and reproduction or arthropods on the surface of the body or in the clothing (e.g) ice, itch mite.
Host : A person or other animal including birds and arthropods that affords subsistence or lodgment to an infectious agent under natural condition.
Communicable diseases : An illness due to specific infections agent or its toxic products capable of being directly or indirectly transmitted from man to man, animal to animal or from the environment to man or animal.
Epidemic : The unusual occurrence or sudden outbreak of disease in a community or region.
Endemic : It refers to the constant presence of a disease or infections agent within a givengeographic area or population group.
Sporadic : The word sporadic means scattered about. The diseases are so few and separated
widely in space.
Pandemic : An epidemic usually affecting a large proportion of the population, occurring over a wide geographic area such as a section of a nation.
Zoonosis : An infection or infections disease transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals to man.
Eradication : Termination of all transmission of infection by extermination of infections agent through surveillance and containment.
Carriers : A carrier is defined as “an infected person or animal that harbours a specific infections
agent in the absence of clinical manifestation but potentially source of infection.
Infectious agents and examples of
diseases
The organisms that cause disease vary in size from viruses, which are too small to be seen by a light microscope to intestinal worms which may be over a metre long. The groups of infectious agents are listed with examples of diseases they cause.
Bacteria
Pneumonia, tuberculosis, enteric fever, gonorrhoea
Viruses
Measles, varicella, influenza, colds, rabies
Fungi
Ringworm, tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)
Protozoa
Malaria, giardia
Metazoa
Tapeworm, filariasis, onchcerciasis (river blindness), hookworm
Prions
Kuru, Creutzfeld-Jacob disease, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
Infection : The entry and development or multiplication of an infectious agent in the body of man or animals.
Contamination : The presence of infections agent on a body surface, also on or in clothes, beddings, toys, surgical instruments or dressings or other inanimate articles or substances including water, milk and food.
Infestation : For persons or animals the lodgment, development and reproduction or arthropods on the surface of the body or in the clothing (e.g) ice, itch mite.
Host : A person or other animal including birds and arthropods that affords subsistence or lodgment to an infectious agent under natural condition.
Communicable diseases : An illness due to specific infections agent or its toxic products capable of being directly or indirectly transmitted from man to man, animal to animal or from the environment to man or animal.
Epidemic : The unusual occurrence or sudden outbreak of disease in a community or region.
Endemic : It refers to the constant presence of a disease or infections agent within a givengeographic area or population group.
Sporadic : The word sporadic means scattered about. The diseases are so few and separated
widely in space.
Pandemic : An epidemic usually affecting a large proportion of the population, occurring over a wide geographic area such as a section of a nation.
Zoonosis : An infection or infections disease transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals to man.
Eradication : Termination of all transmission of infection by extermination of infections agent through surveillance and containment.
Carriers : A carrier is defined as “an infected person or animal that harbours a specific infections
agent in the absence of clinical manifestation but potentially source of infection.
Infectious agents and examples of
diseases
The organisms that cause disease vary in size from viruses, which are too small to be seen by a light microscope to intestinal worms which may be over a metre long. The groups of infectious agents are listed with examples of diseases they cause.
Bacteria
Pneumonia, tuberculosis, enteric fever, gonorrhoea
Viruses
Measles, varicella, influenza, colds, rabies
Fungi
Ringworm, tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)
Protozoa
Malaria, giardia
Metazoa
Tapeworm, filariasis, onchcerciasis (river blindness), hookworm
Prions
Kuru, Creutzfeld-Jacob disease, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
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